GLOSSARY OF TERMS & ABBREVIATIONS Cooperative Principles – • Open and voluntary membership • Democratic member control • Members’ economic participation • Autonomy and independence • Education training, and information • Cooperation among cooperatives • Concern for community
ACA – Affordable Care Act, is the comprehensive healthcare reform law enacted in March 2010. The primary goals are to make high-quality, affordable health insurance available to more people; expand the Medicaid program; and support innovative medical care delivery methods designed to lower the costs of healthcare. ACP – Agricultural Conservation Program AFTA – Australian Free Trade Agreement
Countercyclical – A farm program system of government payments that would activate when market prices were low and deactivate when market prices recovered.
Animal Unit – Standard measure based on feed requirements, used to combine various classes of livestock according to size, weight, age and use.
CPR – Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
APHIS – Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
CSP – Conservation Stewardship Program DIAP – Dairy Import Assessment Program
APUC– Agricultural Products Utilization Commission
DEA – Drug Enforcement Agency
Aquaculture – The production of aquatic plants or animals in a controlled environment such as ponds, raceways, tanks or cages for all or parts of their life cycle.
DR-CAFTA – Dominican Republic - Central American Free Trade Agreement ELAP – Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees and Farm-raised Fish Program
BND – Bank of North Dakota BSE – Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (mad cow disease)
EPA – Environmental Protection Agency
CAFE – Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards
EQIP – Environmental Quality Incentives Program
CAFO – Confined Animal Feeding Operation
ETBE – Ethyl tertiary butyl ether, a renewable ether which uses ethanol as a feedstock.
Capper-Volstead Act – The law which allows producers to organize into cooperatives without violating antitrust laws.
Extension – NDSU Extension Service, established in 1914, which extends education to North Dakota residents through its land-grant university in the form of lectures, institutes, tours and demonstrations.
Carbon Sequestration – The storage of carbon from the atmosphere in soil organic matter through agricultural practices such as no-till farming. CCC – Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture created to stabilize, support and protect farm income and prices through loans, purchases, payments and other operations.
FCIC – Federal Crop Insurance Corporation FCS – The Farm Credit System is made up of cooperativelyowned financial institutions that finance farm and farm-related mortgages and operating loans.
Checkoff Program – Research and promotion programs authorized by law and financed by assessments; the programs are paid for by specified industry members such as producers, importers and handlers.
FSA – Farm Service Agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture GMOs – Genetically Modified Organism or Genetic Engineering (GMOs) are organisms produced from using techniques that alter the molecular or cell biology by means that are not possible under natural conditions or processes; genetic modification or genetic engineering includes recombinant DNA, cell fusion, micro and macro- encapsulation, gene deletion and doubling, introducing a foreign gene and gene repositioning; it does not include crop breeding, conjugation, fermentation and hybridization.
CHIP – Children’s Health Insurance Program Clawback Provisions – Requiring companies to repay economic development incentives if they do not follow through on promises, or if they relocate after incentives expire. Clean Power Plan – A policy aimed at combating global warming by setting a national limit on carbon pollution produced from power plants. It was first proposed by EPA in June 2014. The final version of the plan was unveiled by President Obama in August 2015.
GIPSA – Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration
COOL – Country-of-origin labeling
HMO – Health maintenance organization Marketing Loan – A loan that provides income for operating and living expenses until a producer sells their crop. The loan provides a greater opportunity for producers to market their crop at a higher price. Loan rate caps are specified in law. Repayment provisions apply when market prices drop below loan rates.
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